阅读态度题的解题技巧

时间：2022-09-15 16:10:28 语文百科我要投稿

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阅读态度题的解题技巧

　　摘要：考研英语中，阅读理解都会考到观点态度题。这类题型主要考查的是对作者的意图、观点或态度的理解和把握，考研英语试卷对这一部分的考查主要表现为情感态度题，接下来就为大家说说这类题型要如何解答。

阅读态度题的解题技巧

　　这种题型经常以问作者对某事是什么态度的形式出现，一般有以下主观感觉：主观(subjective)还是客观(objective)；肯定(positive)还是否定(negative)；赞成(approval)还是反对(opposition)等等。这就要求大家要把握作者写该篇文章的目的，明白作者对文章所论述的观点和中心所持的态度。

　　一般来说，很多小伙伴都会觉得这种题目难度较大，迷惑性也较强，主要原因是命题专家针对的是整篇文章来设问，这样就使得我们很难找到具体对应的语言点，所以把握整篇文章就很重要了。

　　例如作者在谈一件事时是用反讽的口气，还是赞成的语气，此类题所给的答案选项一般是四个形容词，我们应在审题时就把握好这四个形容词所表达的意思，然后返回文章去寻找信息。

　　特别提醒大家要牢记所遇到的构成作者态度题选项的每一个形容词，做这类题时，万不可把自己的态度揉进文章中，同时要注意区分作者本人的态度与作者引用的观点态度。

　　理解作者的意图、观点和态度是近几年考试的热点题目，在做此类题时要把握这样的判断原则：既纵观全文，掌握主题思想有要注意文章的措辞，把握文章的基调或主旨(tenor)，又要分清文章的话语范围(field)及话语方式(mode)。解题的关键是要看作者在文中用了什么样的口气。若用褒义词，显然是赞成；若用贬义词，显然是反对；若是客观陈述，则是中性的立场，不偏不倚。

　　注意：作者态度常常在转折词后表明出来，因此but一词至关重要(还有类似的yet, however, although, nevertheless等)。

　　dissatisfaction,它们作为标记语反映出作者对某个现象采取的姿态，并从情感的角度评价该现象。因此，既要依靠文章的中心思想作为前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是作为修饰语的形容词。

　　大家在平时的单词理解中要结合不同的语境，不同的文章体裁，综合地认知寓意，才能透彻地理解作者的意图。

　　另外，判断作者情感态度除了关注作者的措辞，还要可以通过关注作者的举例角度和讲解角度，来判断文章作者的态度倾向：如果作者的一直论述某事物的积极地向上的方面，其态度基本上是积极乐观的如果作者举例论证某观点时，给的例子是正面的，那么我们同样可以判断作者的态度是积极乐观的如果作者的论述有好有坏，举例有正面有反面，我们基本上可以判断作者的态度是客观的。同样，我们通过具体的真题案例进一步解释这一点。

　　最后，我们以1997年第54题为例进行实例分析:

　　It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates,Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group’s on-line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: “We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn’t just something that happened inAustralia. It’s world history.”

　　The full import may take a while to sink in.The NT Rights of the Terminally III law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right to life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. InAustralia-- where an aging population, life extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part -- other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In theUSandCanada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.

　　Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death -- probably by a deadly injection or pill -- to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54 year old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally III law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “I’m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I’d go, because I’ve watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says.

　　54、 The author’s attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of ________.

　　[A] opposition

　　[B] suspicion

　　[C] approval

　　[D] indifference

　　我们通过阅读该文，不难发现文章首段记述了安乐死法案通过以及当时在全球引起的反响，首段作者使用“it is world history”，来表达他对该事件的态度，认为它意义重大紧接着在第二段，作者首先讨论世人对此态度不一，但是作者通过转折，指出这个潮流不太可能被逆转了。第三段，作者用一个肺癌病人为例，该病人认为安乐死法案的通过意味着自己可以平静地度过最后的时光，不用担心临死前要遭受的折磨。很明显这个事例是认识安乐死法案的通过是一件好事。那么文章就作者的态度命题，答案肯定是approval。

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