现在完成时for和since的用法解释及分析
For和since都表示我们说到的时间从过去开始一直持续到现在,但是for与since不能混用。
例如:
“I have lived in Italy for 13 years.”
“I have lived in Italy since 2003.”
当我们用for的.时候,表示一个活动持续一段时间,从过去到现在。
我们用since的时候,表示过去的行为开始一直持续到现在。
两句话有同样的含义。for的例子中用了“13年”这个时间,但由于 2003年加上13年就是2016年,即今年。两句话的重点都是现在,“我”继续住在意大利,没有去其他国家。
Since用来说明动作起始时间,for用来说明动作延续时间长度。
给大家举一些例子, 什么时候该用for和since
I have lived here for more than twenty years.
I have lived here since I was born..
My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.
Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976.
I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
My brother has been in the Youth League for two years.
I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.
但是并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。
I worked here for more than twenty years.
(我现在已不在这里工作。)
I have worked here for many years.
(现在我仍在这里工作。)
当现在完成时+一段时间,这一结构中,我们用下面的公式转化,很容易就能排除非延续动词在完成时中的误使。
1) (对)TomhasstudiedRussianforthreeyears.
=TombegantostudyRussianthreeyearsago,andisstillstudyingitnow.
2) (错)Harryhasgotmarriedforsixyears.
=Harrybegantogetmarriedsixyearsago,andisstillgettingmarriednow.
显然,第二句不对,它应改为Harrygotmarriedsixyearsago. 或Harryhasbeenmarriedforsixyears.
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